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移动基站动力维护的几点改进措施一体化开关电源,高频开关电源, 室外电源机柜,室内电源机柜,华为开关电源中国联通惠州分公司ＧＳＭ无线移动通信基站均实行无人值守，所有告警信号如传输误码、ＢＴＳ中断、环境监控信息等均通过2 Ｍｂｉｔ／ｓ线传回交换局。其中基站环境监控有市电停电、过欠压、电池电压低、机房高温、烟感和门禁等，基站电源采用深圳华为高频开关电源，整流模块是单相供电，过欠压保护值为170～270 Ｖ（新的整流模块为150～300 Ｖ），但这是指电压有效值，当电压接近临界值时，尖峰瞬间波动，过欠压保护就会频繁动作。另外，由于无线基站实行无人值守，一些郊区偏远的基站通信设备如空调室外机、室外电力线等易成为不法分子盗窃的对象。本文在如何改善基站供电情况、提高网络通信质量、完善无人基站设备的防盗告警体系等几个方面提出了有针对性的改进措施。 1.某些基站三相电压不平衡
随着惠州联通公司业务的不断发展，偏远的基站越来越多，加上惠州市郊区供电质量差，其市电输入的三相电压或高或低，极不平衡稳定，造成基站开关电源频繁保护跳闸和空调过压保护，如巽寮基站因三相电压过高（三相电压均在270Ｖ左右），几乎每天凌晨和中午都会使开关电源跳闸保护几分钟甚至几小时，基站电池频繁充放电，严重影响阀控蓄电池的正常使用寿命。 对于供电质量恶劣的问题，我维护中心采取两种措施：一是对在三相输入电压中有一相较稳定且接近220Ｖ的基站，利用华为开关电源有两路市电输入的特点，引接这一相电压作为第二路市电输入，当电压过高或过低而使开关电源第一路跳闸保护时，第二路市电开始工作；二是对三相电压长期偏高或偏低的基站，则调整电力变压器的电压档次，如果其他同网用户的供电电压不能调整，采用在电源前级加一台三相参数稳压器，但这样成本太高。经过一段时间的研究和探索，我维护中心采用3个10 ｋＶＡ正泰牌单相手动调压器进行调压，在惠东巽寮、龙门天堂山基站安装后，运行至今，ＯＭＣＲ没有再出现高频开关电源由于电压高而跳闸的情况。 2.给直放站加装后备电源 直放站在改善网络盲区方面起到了很大帮助，但如果市电停电，直放站就因没有后备电源而停止工作，用户无法正常使用通信业务。基站旧电池容量下降后被更换成新电池，为了充分利用尚好的旧电池，改变直放站没有后备电池支持的被动情况，我维护中心在直放站安装了全自动逆变电源。根据直放站功率、电池充电电流和温升等参数，选择天正牌300 Ｗ逆变电源，后备电池组采用6节2 Ｖ400 ＡＨ旧电池串联提供，具体连接电路如图1所示，市电通电后最大充电电流调节为20Ａ。如果需要对电池组放电终止电压（10.8 Ｖ）进行保护，可按图1的虚线部分加装一个保护装置，在电池组放电至11Ｖ时，微调电位器Ｗ，使比较器ＬＭ324输出高电平。我公司在博罗十二岭光纤直放站机房安装后，运行正常，在市电停电后，经现场测试，电池组能维持长达20多个小时（放电电流10 Ａ左右），基本满足后备时间要求。 提交 提交
3.基站空调加装防盗告警信号 由于部分无人值守基站建在偏僻处或山上，空调室外机组容易成为不法分子盗窃的对象。室外机组被盗后，惠州交换局无法监控到，值班人员无法及时通知当地的员工前往察看或报警，因此，我维护中心在空调室外机加装了一对信号线作为外围告警输入，安装方法如图2所示。在空调室外机组电源接线排旁边用玻璃胶或铜线固定塑料端子，引两根1ｍｍ ¬2¬信号线到机房ＰＩＸ配线箱，作为外围告警输入信号，平时信号线短路，ＢＴＳ的ＡＢ6板不发出告警信号到ＯＭＣＲ（需在ＯＭＣ把对应的那路ＥＡＳ做成常开告警），当有人企图盗窃时剪掉电源线和信号线，这时ＯＭＣＲ就会出现“空调被盗”告警信息，值班人员就可以立即通知当地员工前往察看或向110报警。 对于动手能力强的维护人员，可按如图3所示自制一块电路板(三端稳压器需加散热片)，其工作原理如下：把图2的信号源ａ、ｂ两点改接到图3中的ａ、ｂ处，当ａ、ｂ开路时，ＶＴ1导通，继电器Ｋ1吸合，其接到ＰＩＸ箱的常闭触点Ｋ1－1断开，启动ＢＴＳ的ＡＢ6告警板及时通知ＯＭＣＲ值班人员；而另一对常开触点Ｋ1－2闭合，通过电容Ｃ1给单稳态定时电路②脚加上瞬时负向触发脉冲，③脚输出高电平，继电器Ｋ2吸合，常开触点Ｋ2－1启动小型交流电铃ＤＬ和25 Ｗ红色灯泡Ｈ（装在基站机房外），吓跑窃贼，大约3ｍｉｎ（整定时间Ｔ＝1.1ＲＣ）后单稳态定时电路③脚输出低电平，声光报警停止。 The GSM wireless mobile communication base station of China Unicom Huizhou branch is unmanned, and all alarm signals, such as transmission error, BTS interruption and environmental monitoring information, are all returned to the exchange bureau through the 2Mbit / s line. The base station environment monitoring has the power outage, over voltage, low voltage of battery, high temperature of the machine room, smoke sense and entrance entrance. The power supply of base station uses Shenzhen HUAWEI high frequency switching power supply, the rectifier module is single phase power supply, the over voltage protection value is 170 ~ 270V (New rectifier module is 150 ~ 300V), but this refers to the value of voltage. When the voltage is close to the critical value, the peak will fluctuate instantaneously, and over voltage protection will act frequently. In addition, because the wireless base station is unmanned, some remote base station communication equipment in the suburbs, such as the outdoor air conditioner and the outdoor power line, are easy to be stolen by the illegal elements. In this paper, how to improve the power supply of the base station, improve the network communication quality, and improve the anti-theft alarm system of the unmanned base station equipment, and other aspects of the improvement measures are put forward. 1. three phase voltage unbalance of some base stations With the continuous development of Huizhou Unicom's business, more and more remote base stations, plus the poor power supply quality in the suburb of Huizhou, the three-phase voltage or high or low of its city power input is very unbalance, which causes frequent protection and overvoltage protection of the base station switching power supply, such as the three phase voltage (three phase electricity) of the Sunda base station. The pressure is around 270V), and almost every day in the morning and noon, switch power tripping is protected for several minutes or even hours. The base station batteries charge and discharge frequently, which seriously affects the normal service life of the valve controlled battery. For the poor quality of power supply, my maintenance center takes two measures: one is a base station that is stable and close to 220V in the three-phase input voltage. The HUAWEI switching power supply has the characteristics of two city electric inputs, and the phase voltage is used as the second way of the city power input, when the voltage is too high or too low to make the switch electric. When source first trip protection, Second Road city electricity begins to work; two is a base station with high or low three-phase voltage for a long time. The voltage grade of power transformer is adjusted. If the power supply voltage of other users of the same network can not be adjusted, a three-phase parameter stabilizing device is added to the pre power supply level, but the cost is too high. After a period of research and exploration, my maintenance center uses 3 10kVA CHINT single phase manual voltage regulator to adjust the voltage. After installation in Sunda and Longmen's paradise mountain base station in Huidong, OMCR does not appear in high frequency switching power because of high voltage. 2. add a backup power supply for the repeater The direct station has been very helpful in improving the blind area of the network, but if the power is stopped, the station will stop working because of no backup power supply, and the user can not use the communication service normally. The old battery capacity of the base station is replaced by the new battery. In order to make full use of the old battery and change the passive condition that the battery is not supported by the backup battery, the maintenance center has installed the fully automatic inverter in the repeater. According to the power of the repeater station, the battery charging current and the temperature rise and so on, the 300W inverter power supply is selected and the backup battery pack is provided in series with 6 sections of 2V400AH old battery. The concrete connection circuit is shown in Figure 1, the maximum charge current of the city electric power is 20A. If the battery discharge termination voltage (10.8V) needs to be protected, a protective device can be installed in the part of the dotted line of Figure 1. When the battery pack is discharged to 11V, the potentiometer W is tuned to make the comparator LM324 output high. After the installation of the Boluo twelve ridge optical fiber repeater machine room, the operation is normal. After the power outage of the city, the battery pack can be maintained for up to more than 20 hours (the discharge current is about 10A), which basically meets the reserve time requirements. Submission Submission 3. base station air conditioning with burglar alarm signal Because some unattended base stations are built in remote areas or mountains, the outdoor units of air conditioners can easily become the targets of criminals stealing. After the outdoor unit was stolen, the Huizhou exchange bureau was unable to monitor, and the staff on duty could not notify the local staff to see or alarm in time. Therefore, my maintenance center installed a pair of signal lines as peripheral alarm input in the air conditioner outdoor machine, as shown in Figure 2. The plastic terminals are fixed by glass glue or copper wire in the air conditioner outdoor unit power line. Two 1mm - 2 - D signal lines are introduced to the PIX wiring box in the machine room. As a peripheral alarm input signal, the signal line is short circuited, and the AB6 board of BTS does not send alarm signals to OMCR. (the corresponding E is required in OMC. AS makes a constant alarm), when someone tries to steal the power line and the signal line, then OMCR will appear "air conditioning stolen" alarm information, on duty personnel can immediately notify the local staff to go to see or to 110. For the hands-on maintenance personnel, a self-made circuit board, as shown in Figure 3 (three end pressurizer need to be added heat sink), is used as follows: change the signal source a and B of Figure 2 to a and B in Figure 3, when a and B are open, VT1 is connected, relay K1 is absorbed, and it receives the constant closure of the PIX box. Contact K1 - 1 disconnects, the AB6 alarm board that starts BTS notifications on duty in time; while another pair of normally open contacts K1 2 closes, an instantaneous negative trigger pulse is added to the foot of the monostable timing circuit by capacitance C1, the foot is high, the relay K2 is absorbed, and the contact K2 1 starts the small switch. 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